Perceived Stress Levels and Stress Management Among...

Perceived Stress Levels and Stress Management Among Paramedical Students Lyceum of the Philippines University: Towards Stress Management Enhancement Maribel D. Mayuga-Barrion, DDM, MAT It is recognized that stress is a normally occurring part of life. Selye was the first to describe the term stress as a state produced within an organism subjected to a stimulus perceived as a threat (Selye, 1957). He spoke of stress as a condition that occurs commonly in response to any adaptive response within the body. He defined stress as . . . a state manifested by a specific syndrome which consists of all the nonspecifically induced changes within a biologic system (Selye, 1950). In other words, stress can refer to a wide range of physiological†¦show more content†¦Very little research has been done to find out what college students are doing about these high levels of stress. An equally modest amount of research has been done to learn how effective are the techniques used by college stu dents to reduce stress levels. Stress on college campuses is high, but students may not be aware of more effective ways to reduce stress. For example, in a recent review of literature of substance use and abuse (Prendergast, 2004) reported that college students are more likely to drink and to drink at high levels than are young adults who are not in college. The means for relaxing may be temporarily effective for reducing stress levels, but there are consequences associated with regular drinking that are not always desirable (Fromme Rivet, 2004). Existing research provides limited information on stress and its management among college students. Accurate information regarding stress, its primary sources and effective ways to deal with it specific to college students would allow university health educators, counseling centers, and student wellness centers to target specific need areas more effectively on campuses across the country. Dental students often report high levels of stress. Even though many studies have been conducted on this issue, we still lack a global understanding of how dental students experience and deal with stress, making it difficult for dental educators to improve

Organizational Structure For Improving Hrm Effectiveness

Q1) Organisation culture Conceivable Means for Improving HRM Effectiveness I say this in light I could call my own experience, and it makes sense that an individual in a position of power can make significantly more insightful judgements on the worth and reasonableness of a part or action in the event that they comprehend the anxieties, day by day issues, flow and intricacies of it. Organizational Structure †¢ Making of Rules to Govern Performance - Rules should be indicated out speak to authority decisions and exercises. These formal rules should be by and large unfaltering, intensive and viably got on. This should supplant old structures, in which rules were either wiped out described or communicated cryptically †¢ Partition of Personal from Official Property and Rights -Official property rights concerning for instance machines or gadgets should have a spot with the work environment or division - not the officeholder. Singular property should be separated from power property. †¢ Choice Based on Qualifications - Officials are enrolled considering abilities, and are appointed, not picked, to the working environment †¢ Clear Career Paths-Employment in the affiliations should be seen as a calling for powers. A power is a full-time agent, and imagines a profound established occupation †¢ The managerial structure would to a more huge degree shield agents from subjective choices from pioneers, and would possibly give a more unmistakable feeling that all is well with theShow MoreRelatedHuman Resource Management At The Management Field849 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction A broad body of literature in the management field is cantered around the idea of people as assets and emphasizes the importance of Human Resource Management (HRM) to improve firm’s performance and underpin its strategy. While there is evidence that HRM practices can improve organizational performance, a key issue is understanding if such improvement qualifies as competitive advantage or merely achieves competitive parity. Several authors agree that people are sustainable sourceRead MoreHuman Resource Management And How Does It Affect An Organization?1510 Words   |  7 Pageshuman resource management influence an organizational performance. Next, I will be sharing information on organizational culture, and then the practices of human resource management in an organization. First, taking a look at how HRM influences organizational performances. According to authors Phillips, J and Gully, S., â€Å"human resource management policies and practices add value to organization and influences organizational performances by either improving efficiencies or contributing to revenueRead MoreHuman Resource Management Affects Organizations Performance1141 Words   |  5 Pagesthe human resource management affects organizations performance has always presented in academic world. Many scholars have done a lot of theoretical and field work, trying to prove that the contribution and impact of human resource management on organizational performance. Human resource management provides direction and enhances competitiveness in organization, and becoming a strategic partner in helping companies improves its performance (Ajit Kumar Kar, 2012). However, when it comes to particularRead MoreImportance of Performance Appraisal1271 Words   |  6 Pagesrewarding them (hrm). I t can be explained as a process that consolidates goal setting, performance appraisal and development into single, common system, the aim of which is to ensure that the employee’s performance is supporting the strategic aims. (hrm book 315).. A performance management system would be only effective when the employees in Mambo are clear about their duties and job standards and the organizational goals so that they work with their full potential to meet organizational objectives. Read MoreStrategic Human Resource Development Framework1614 Words   |  7 PagesHR policies should be integrated with strategic business planning. She gives different examples of normative models of HRM and suggests that there are hard and soft models which distinguish if emphasis is being placed on human or the resource. However she does not define her classification clearly (Cakar, Bititci MacBryde, 2003). Guest (1987), proposed that the integration of HRM practices such as selection, training, appraisal, rewards, job design, involvement and security can help achieve desirableRead MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )2412 Words   |  10 Pagesvalues and attributes to organizational life, and, when managed effectively, these human traits can bring considerable benefits to organizations† (Mullins 1999). However, when managed poorly they have the potential to limit organizational growth and threaten the viability of a business. â€Å"There are countless examples of corporate and project crises in the construction sector which have arisen as the result of people s behaviour, and it would seem that human resource management (HRM) has the potential toRead MoreBusiness Strategy : The Co Creation Model1688 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness strategy: The â€Å"Co-creation Model† Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and human resource management (HRM) continue to show increases in commonality within business operations. The need for CSR to be structured and organized within businesses is gaining attention from top managers (Carroll Shabana 2010) who want to decrease overall costs. CSR has both internal and external factors that contribute to the success of a business; internal: skills and education, human rights, labor rightsRead MoreCorporate Training And Development ( T / Hrd1367 Words   |  6 Pagesmeasure and examine the effectiveness of TD programmes are now still challenging many academics (Crawford and Webley, 1992; Cronshaw and Alexander, 1991; Lawson, 1993, 1994; Phillips, 1997, 1999). To comment on this, Mankin (2009:14) agrees that there has been limited and inconsistent evidence that HRD interventions do add value by impacting positively on employee and organizational performance. Furthermore, Mankin offers that â€Å"the nature and purpose of HRD at an organizational level differs acrossRead MoreHuman Resource Management : A Competitive Advantage Essay1352 Words   |  6 Pagesthey deliver their products that are valuable for money. It is possible by means of the committed competent workforce. As human resource is the only factor among the factors of production which remains constant for some time in the organization, by improving their efficiency with the help of gaining experience. Human resource is more productive if, ïÆ'Ëœ they have the feeling of their own ïÆ'Ëœ their contributions reminds as an individual ïÆ'Ëœ they should be loyal to their duties ïÆ'Ëœ they must be informed about itsRead MoreLiterature Review of Human Resource Management, theory versus practice2101 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿Policy versus practice: Understanding the relationship between human resource management and organizational outcomes is one of the long-standing goals of macro human resources management research. – Kaifeng Jiang et al 2011 With rapid change in the economic environment managers and scholars have been motivated to seek competitive advantages through new sources. The role of a skilled, motivated and flexible workforce has become more prominent than traditional attributes such as technology

Construction Project Observations Essay Example For Students

Construction Project Observations Essay Project Description After several months of planning and design, excavation for the new ACES library on the University of Illinois campus began in May 1999. The project is sponsored and will be owned by the Board of Trustees for the University of Illinois. Six separate contractors are working together under one general contractor. The project, which began in May of 1999, is scheduled to be completed by February 2001. Through informal interviews with Charles O. Pickar we learned that the project is 4-5 weeks behind schedule. Pending weather conditions 25 to 35 workers usually present on site. The typical workday can run between 6:30am and depending on deadlines can last until 9-10pm. As of the third week in January 2000, the concrete foundation and the steel framework for the five-story structure, with the exception of the roof, were intact. The appendix of this report contains photographs of observed procedures and site materials. Observed Operations January 27, 2000On the morning of January 27, two massive 18-wheel trucks carrying various shapes and sizes of steel beams were unloaded on site. It took almost two hours to unload each truck. A crane approximately 200 ft. high was used to move the steel from the truck onto wooden planks on the ground. The steel was separated by shape, and by using the quite large reaching span of the crane, the workers were able to deliver the beams directly from the truck to their appropriate sides of the site. This operation involved a six-man crew. Two men connected the hooks from the crane onto the steel. Two men guided the steel onto the planks on the ground. Two men took turns operating the crane. This process was very time consuming due to the amount of steel needed to be lifted entirely over the five story structure to the other side of the site, and due to what seemed to be a lack of experience of the rigging crew. It took them a very long time to make the connections on each beam, and check for security. These factors ma y have influenced the unloading time taken that morning. As these trucks were being unloaded, another crew of men worked in the basement. No equipment was being placed at that time, but people were hauling down tools and what looked to be some sort of electrical cords. Perhaps they were working to install some piece of equipment already lowered down there, or maybe they were moving already dropped equipment away from the opening in the floor to make room for more to be lowered. January 28, 2000Installation of metal decking floor supports began on Friday, January 28. By the early afternoon, the level between the first and second stories was nearly complete. There were some openings left, mostly on the south side of the building, which will serve as stairways and elevator shafts. The center of the building also lacked decking, and judging by the design drawings, this section was left opened for a skylight, which will cover the apex of the roof upon completion. The decking between the second and third stories was about half installed by 3:00p m. A two-man team of welders worked to secure the union of the decking to the steel framework as each section was placed. Special protective masks and eye shields were used to ensure no damage was done to the eyesight of the welders during this process. Decking sheets lay in bundles on the beams between the third and fourth floors, awaiting installation. Upon completion, safety inspectors will come out to the site to check the torque on the bolts and the security of the welds. The sheets were placed connecting to studs sticking upward from the steel framework. The outside beams were such that they remained higher vertically than the steel reinforcement going in. This design allows for concrete to be poured over the decking without it spilling over the sides of the building. This entire process, including the welders, men placing the decking, and one man who was sweeping debris from the recently installed supports, entailed a crew of seven men. Due to the afternoon increase in snowfa ll, and the increase of wind, the crew began covering their equipment with plastic tarps and prepared to quit for the day at around 3:30pm. January 31, 2000No work was done on this site during the weekend, but activity began again early Monday morning, January 31. The 200 ft. crane lifted three of six large steel beams onto the top mid section of the building, which will eventually support a roof that slants upward from the fifth story to the top of the skylight. The crane was attached to the top of the beams and lowered them vertically onto the structure. Each beam had three small steel ledges, which stuck out horizontally near the top, and were designed to support piping that will run above the ceiling. Two men waited, standing on the fifth story framework to secure the beams in place once the crane had placed them. These men drove spikes into holes in the beam to anchor them to the structure. Both wore safety harnesses to ensure that they wouldnt lose their balance while hammering the beams in place. By noon, three beams were set and secured. Kiss Of The Spider Woman Essay PaperFebruary 4, 2000The snow and wind on the afternoon of Friday, February 4 again forced the ironworkers to abandon lying any additional floor decking. A crew of three men prepared to drop a transformer into the basement. The crane was extendible and looked to be at about 100 ft. The riggers took their time securing the connection, but due to wind, never attempted to move the unit. Mr. Pickar later explained that this particular type of crane is not very stable. If the load sways while being transferred, there is a great possibility that it will flip. Keeping in mind operator safety, as well as the safety of nearby crewmembers, risks are just too great to attempt transfer today. Tarps covered the transistors and the crane lowered and folded up. Mr. Pickar also mentioned that a late delivery of hangers for the basement earlier in the project was already pushing everything behind schedule. The weather problems further added to those delays. Looking at the architectural drawings covering several tables in the construction office, it was noted that there will eventually be a tunnel running underground out the north end of the library and into nearby buildings. Several revisions had to be made on these drawings, especially in regards to the structure itself, to modify the ideas of the designer with the feasibility of engineering. Sebesta Blomberg, which is primarily an engineering company, did most of the modifications. There were almost 1000 pages just of architectural design and several other books of drawings, such as electrical and mechanical work, which were equally as thick. These all seemed to be labeled in an efficient manner to assure that pages could be easily located. This is especially useful when phone calls come in and someone needs to know something like a dimension on a certain machine in a certain room. People with identical books can easily direct another over the phone to a specific page. Depending on th e type of work it entails, specific areas within each book are easy to find just by reading the markings on the bottom corners of the pages. Safety IssuesIn reference to safety issues other than the specific situations mentioned before, it was noted that anyone entering the site was required to wear a hard hat as well as construction boots. Every worker wore thick gloves and some wore safety eyeglasses. All crane operations were taken slowly and all ironwork was called off at the first signs of slickness or dangerous winds. Anyone operating machinery, such as the welders or crane operators were trained and certified prior to working. All visitors were required to sign in and out to alert those in charge as to who was on site in case of an emergency. The construction office bookcase was filled with safety manuals, OSHA guides, project management workbooks, structural welding guides etc. All the drawings contained clear markings referring to placement of safety equipment, such as fire alarm and hose reels. Safety inspection was accounted for in the scheduling process and any sort of risks taken very seriously by all members of the working and management crew. Construction Observation Conclusions In conclusion, this construction project reflects a complex system of seemingly unrelated activities, which in actuality are crucially dependent on one another. The timing of the start and finish of every little detail is scheduled so that it fits in the order necessary to complete the project in the most efficient way. Advanced planning, foresight, and experience are used to ensure processes are done in the right order. An example of this is the basement project. The design must call for a section of flooring to be left out. Hangers have to go in before wire and pipes, which have to go in before machinery, which has to go in before fire safety equipment and inspection, which has to be done before the floor gets closed up. Each link in the chain is essential. Delays can easily build up fast if one link cant finish the job. Its the responsibility of the construction manager to ensure that materials get there on time and that workers have the qualif ications and tools necessary to complete the task. The construction manager must keep an eye on all aspects of the project, paying special attention to safety codes and restrictions, and understand the interdependence of each days events in order to avoid delays, maintain a safe working environment, and keep the schedule moving smoothly until every final detail has reached completion. Engineering

In Cold Blood Research Essay Example For Students

In Cold Blood Research Essay Mark Jennings Jennings 1 In Cold Blood Novel to Movie Comparison The book, In Cold Blood, is a nonfiction story by Truman Capote. This book presents one of the worst murders in history. It was a best seller worldwide, and turned into a successful movie. As usual the movie does not stand up to the book. If you want more knowledge of the townspeople, victims and more insight into the trial, more background details of the murders, you should read the book. If you are interested in history and a good murder mystery all in the confines of a book cover, read In Cold Blood by Truman Capote. While reading the book In Cold Blood you are introduced to the Clutter family one by one. You learn that Herb Clutter is the head of the house. He is well liked and respected by the townspeople. Mr. Clutter was a prosperous farmer. As the reader, you learn that Bonnie Clutter, Herb Clutters, wife is a recluse due to fainting spells. This caused her to stay close to home, inside a lot. Nancy is the daughter of Herb and Bonnie, and she is popular with her peers and liked throughout the town. The last of the Clutter family to be introduced to us is Kenyon, the son of Herb and Bonnie and Nancys brother. These are the victims of the awful murders. You get to know them all. In the movie they are humanized, but in the book you get to know them better. The movie shows us a very disturbed Perry Smith and a cunning, want to get rich quick, Dick Hickock. While the book details Perrys life in the juvenile detention center, his life in the convent, and the closeness he shared with his sister Barbara. The movie closely mirrored this, and you see great detail of Perry Smiths childhood. Mr. Capote sets the stage and the fill of the town nicely, by describing in detail the drive into town. He sets the mood of the town and you soon feel like you are right at home. The viewer does not get this same effect watching the movie, as the reader does in the first few pages of the novel. The tone is set quickly and effectively. With the book and the movie you are not being invited into fictional believe and deaths, into the imagination, but into the absorbing reality of flesh and blood. (McCabe 561). The good people of Holcomb do not like strangers, but are faithful to their neighbors. Truman Capote traveled to Kansas in the fall of 1959, with a footlocker of comestibles sufficient to support a few weeks of life in the forbidden land. (Literary Classics 2). The population of Holcomb was untrusting and suspicious of anyone alien to it. In due time Mr. Capote became as much a fixture of Finney County, Kansas as the roadside signs welcoming you to their fair city. During the investigation the reader gets totally involved with Alvin Dewey, the main detective in the Clutter investigation. When they find Smith and Hickock, Capote makes the reader wants to cheer aloud for the investigators. (Manaly 1). The movie is not as involved, you do not get as caught up in the investigation while watching the events of their capture unfold, as you do while reading Capotes reenactment. The trial was scheduled to start on March 22, 1960. The novel follows the trial extremely close. Mr. Capote was there in Garden City Jennings 3 where the trial would be held. The defendants lawyer asks for Smith and Hickock to be sent to a state mental hospital in Larned, for evaluation, Judge Tate denied the request. Assistant prosecuting attorney, Logan Green, pointed out to the court that Kansas law, in regard to sanity, adheres to the MNaghten Rule, the ancient British importation which contends that if the accused knew the nature of his act, he knew it was wrong, then he is mentally competent and responsible for his action. Furthermore, said Green, there was nothing in the Kansas statutes indicating that the physicians chosen to determine a defendants mental condition must be of any particular qualifications. Just plain doctors, medical doctors in general practice. Thats all the law requires. .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246 , .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246 .postImageUrl , .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246 , .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246:hover , .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246:visited , .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246:active { border:0!important; } .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246:active , .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246 .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf970126d7026624a38815c2e07a4c246:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Adolescent Peer Pressure Argumentative Persuasive Essay We have .

Archimedes essays

Archimedes essays Archimedes was a Greek mathematician and scientist. He was born in Syracuse, Sicily in the year 287 B.C. He was educated in Alexandria, Egypt. Due to the lack of information about Greek mathematics, many Greek mathematicians and their works are hardly known. Archimedes is the exception. Archimedes was very preoccupied with mathematics. For instance, he often forgot to eat and bathe because of his always wanted to solve problems. He found areas and volumes of spheres, cylinders and plain shapes. He showed that the volume of a sphere is two-thirds of the volume of the smallest cylinder that can contain the sphere. Archimedes was so proud of this concept that he requested that a cylinder enclosed a sphere, with an explanation of this concept, be engraved on his grave. Archimedes also gave a method for approximating pi. He was able to estimate the value of pi between 3 10/71 and 3 1/7. Math wasnt as sophisticated enough to find out the exact pi (3.14). Archimedes was finding square roots and he found a method based on the Greek myriad for representing numbers as large as 1 followed by 80 million billion zeros. One of Archimedes accomplishments was his creation of the lever and pulley system. Archimedes proved his theory of the lever and pulley to the king by moving a ship, of the royal fleet, back into the ocean. Then, Archimedes moved the ship into the sea with only a few movements of his hand, which caused a lever and pulley device to move the ship. This story has become famous because Archimedes said, "Give me a place to stand on and I will move the earth. Another invention he invented was the Archimedean screw. This machine was built for raising water to highland areas in Egypt that could not receive water directly from the Nile River. This device is still used today for irrigation purposes even is some countries today. The most famous story of Archimedes life involves the discovery of Archimedes' Pri ...

Definition and Examples of Graphemes

Definition and Examples of Graphemes A  grapheme is a  letter of the alphabet, a mark of punctuation, or any other individual symbol in a writing system. The grapheme has been described as the smallest contrastive linguistic unit which may bring about a change of meaning. Matching a grapheme to a phoneme (and vice versa) is called a grapheme-phoneme correspondence. Etymology: From the Greek, writing Examples and Observations Trevor A. HarleyThe basic unit of written language is the letter. The name grapheme is given to the letter or combination of letters that represents a phoneme. For example, the word ghost contains five letters and four graphemes (gh, o, s, and t), representing four phonemes. There is much more variability in the structure of written language than there is in spoken languages. Whereas all spoken languages utilize a basic distinction between consonants and vowels, there is no such common thread to the worlds written languages.Linda C. EhrieTypically, beginners are taught grapheme-phoneme correspondences when they begin school. These associations are easier to learn if students already know the names of letters, because most letter names include relevant sounds, for example /t/ in tee, and k in kay. . . .There are about 40 distinctive phonemes in English, but 70 letters or letter combinations to symbolize phonemes. This makes pronouncing spellings easier than writing correct spellings. David CrystalGraphemes are the smallest units in a writing system capable of causing a contrast in meaning. In the English alphabet, the switch from cat to bat introduces a meaning change; therefore, c and b represent different graphemes. It is usual to transcribe graphemes within angle brackets, to show their special status: c, b. The main graphemes of English are the twenty-six units that make up the alphabet. Other graphemes include the various marks of punctuation: ., ;, etc., and such special symbols as , , and ( £). . . .Graphemes . . . may signal whole words or word partsas with the numerals, where each grapheme 1, 2, etc. is spoken as a word that varies from language to language (a logogram). . . . And several of the relationships between words are conveyed by graphology more clearly than by phonology: for example, the link between sign and signature is very clear in writing, but it is less obvious in speech, because the g is pronounced in the second word, but not in the fi rst. Florian CoulmasSpellings like to, too, two, sea, see, and phrase, frays, multiplied by hundreds of other examples, make for complex grapheme-phoneme correspondences, but the interpretation of written texts does not depend on these correspondences alone. Exploiting other systemic levels of language is equally common and practical. The plural of both dog and cat is uniformly indicated by -s, although it is [dogz] but [kaets]. In the event -s can be understood as indicating the plural morpheme rather than a sound. Accordingly, such spellings are sometimes referred to as morphograms.Cauline B. LoweMany phoneme–grapheme correspondences are conditional. The spelling of a given phoneme depends on the speech sounds that come before or after the target phoneme–grapheme correspondence.  For instance, doubled consonants often  follow short vowels in  closed syllables:  stuff, doll, mess, jazz. This pattern is an orthographic convention; the extra letters do not correspond to extra sounds. Each of these example words has only one consonant phoneme at the end of the word.

Normative philosophy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Normative philosophy - Assignment Example This paper will argue that morality can be based on character of an individual, outcomes comes of the actions or the duty. The first ethical theory that should be engaged in the analysis is referred to as Virtue ethics. As one can easily see, the very name of it suggests that the focus of this approach will be on the idea of virtue – the ideal balance between excess and deficiency of a particular trait of character. In other words, this ethical theory draws a strong connection between the idea of morality and the character of a particular person. This is quite important since it holds several significant implications for the evaluation of the actions. For example, the action which is largely considered to be an immoral one, such as lying, might be justified by the approach of Virtue ethics as it will argue that the characteristics of a person turn this action into a good one and he or she does not behave immoral. Indeed, as one can easily see on this example, this ethical theory is mostly concerned with the stable category of being rather than concrete outcomes of the actions. In other words, the morality is considered to be an irreplaceable attribute of a virtuous person while others who were not able to develop any virtues and live in sin behave immorally. It is obvious that this approach has its proponents and opponents and is regarded to be a rather debatable one as it does not give a universal approach to every situation in life. The next ethical theory which should be discussed with regard to the notion of morality is called Deontological ethics. The name of this approach comes from a Greek word which means â€Å"duty†. That is why it would not be a mistake to point out that just like the previous theory was focused on the virtue of the character of a person, this one is focused on the duty. Contrary to Virtue ethics, the Deontological approach is able to prove a person with an easy to use as well as simple to

Unemployment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Unemployment - Essay Example There are two types of policies that an economy can apply to fine tune the economy to achieve required economic growth and employment levels, this include fiscal policies that include government expenditure which affect the IS curve, the other type of policy include the monetary policies which affect the LM curve. These factors include the change in the transaction demand for money, change in speculative demand for money and changes in money supply. There are factors that affect money supply and they include changes in open market operations, change in prices and changes in the reserve ratio. The IS curve joins together combinations of interest rates and national income at which the commodity market is at equilibrium, this is to say that the equilibrium expenditure equals output. Shifts in the IS curve are attributed to changes in government expenditure and changes in net exports. From the above discussion the factors that cause a shift in the LM and IS curve can therefore be used by the government and monetary policy makers to improve the state of the economy, those factors that lead to a shift in the LM curve which include money supply, changes in prices and reserve ratios can be used to fine tune the economy to reduce unemployment, also those factors that lead to a shift in the IS curve will also help in reducing unemployment and these factors include government expenditure and exports. According to Keynes, aggregate demand is equal to consumption plus investment plus government, this can be stated as Y = C + I + G for a closed economy and Y = C + I + G + (X –M) for an open economy, an increase in government expenditure therefore will increase aggregate demand. ... es expenditure then the level of employment will increase but the outcome will be inflationary, the diagram below shows the increase in government expenditure which in turn increases aggregate demand and the level of employment in the economy increases. The diagram shows an increase in government expenditure which results into an increase in aggregate demand from aggregate demand 1 to aggregate demand 2, as a result the equilibrium level shifts from y1 to y2, this in turn shifts the equilibrium level of the IS LM model, the IS curve shifts from IS curve 1 to IS curve 2. The economy is at a higher output level and for this reason there is higher employment level, however from our diagram this position brings about an increase in the interest rate level than it was originally was at, the interest rate level increases from I1 to I2. Therefore employment can be increased by the government through an increase in the level of government expenditure. This will however result to higher levels of interest rates as a monetary policy measure to avoid inflation caused by the government expenditure. From the above diagram it is clear that an increase in government expenditure will result to an increase in aggregate demand will result into increased income, the income level signifies the employment level in the economy and in our case it is clear that this results to higher employment level from y1 to y2. The LM curve on the other hand depict a policy measure by which an economy can reduce the level of unemployment, an increase in money supply will result into a downward shift in the LM curve, as a result the economy will be at a higher output level and therefore higher employment levels, the diagram below shows a the effect of an increase in money supply on the LM curve and

Marketing Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing Principles - Essay Example They also tend to be the high volume, low cost items. The top FMCG companies are characterised by their ability to produce the items that are in highest demand by consumers and, at the same time, develop loyalty and trust towards their brands. Danone is an FMCG company with over 90,000 employees and operates in 125 countries World-wide. Danone’s brands include Evian ,Actimel, Volvic and Activia. Officialy created in 1990 as a branch of Danone Belgium, and hit UK with the yogurt drink Actimel in 1999. Worldwide Group Danone has two subsidiaries in the UK - Danone UK Ltd and Danone Waters UK & Ireland. Danone UK Ltd is the fresh dairy business behind Britain’s fastest growing yogurt brands, Activia and Shape, as well as Britain’s best-loved yogurt drink, Actimel and new luxury Greek-style yoghurt, Oykos and one more new range of super thick, super tasty strained yogurt with a hidden layer of fruit compote, Danio. Danone Waters UK & Ireland represents Evian, the worlds most popular mineral water. Its portfolio of bottled waters also include Volvic, Volvic Touch of Fruit and Badoit. Danone mission is â€Å"to bring health through food and beverages, to as many people in the UK as possible†. Danone funds nearly  £180 million in research and development each year. This essay about Danone UK Ltd., has been divided into four parts. The first part deals with explaining marketing process and marketing orientation to the newly developed product in organization. The second – is analysing the macro and micro environmental factors, examining the concept of segmentation and identifying the factors that will influence buyer behaviour and propose a new positioning strategy on newly developed product. The third, explaining how the new product was developed, evaluating a range of distribution methods, discussing and critically evaluating pricing methods,

Review on Micro-climate Changer with Sensor Broadcasted Data

Review on Micro-climate Changer with Sensor Broadcasted Data Prof. Vikas Nandgaonkar, Prof.Prashant Dongare Pratap Madane, Priyanka Rasal,Aniket Shilimkar, Vaibhav Waghmode Abstract : micro-environment changer using sensor broadcasted data gives human centric context ( e.g indoor, outdoor, at home/in office, driving/walking)have been extensively researched, few attempts have studied from phones perspective(e.g. on table/sofa, in pocket/bag/hand). We refer to such immediate surroundings as micro-environment, usually several to a dozen of centimeters, around a phone In this study, we design and implement a micro environment sensing platform that automatically records sensor hints and characterize the micro-environment of Smartphone. The platform runs as a daemon process on Smartphone and provide finer-grained environment to upper layer applications via programming interface. micro-environment is unified framework converting the major cases of phone usage, placement , attitude. And interaction in practical uses with complicated user habits. As a long-term running middleware, considers both energy consumption and user friendship. We prototype micro-environm ent on Android OS. The preliminary results show that -environment changer using sensor broadcasted data achieves low energy cost, rapid system deployment, and competitive sensing accuracy. Keywords— Sherlock, broadcasted data, Proximity Sensor, web sensing, micro -environment of smartphones. I. Introduction Now days the use of mobile phone is increasing rapidly According to the version of mobile different sensors are inbuilt. The Smartphone has many inbuilt sensors like GPS, Proximity, Accelerometer, Gyro scope, Magnetic etc. using this sensors we develop many applications for different purpose. In Smartphone sensors continuously broadcasted data. We will be developing various applications using that data for security as well as for saving the battery of mobile. Sherlock is a unified framework covering the major cases of phone usage, placement, attitude, and interaction in practical uses with complicated user habits. We prototype Sherlock on Android OS and systematically evaluate its performance with data collected. Sherlock achieves low energy cost, rapid system deployment, and competitive sensing accuracy. Sherlock runs as a daemon process. Most context-sensible applications are human-centric, recognizing contexts from users point of view e.g., indoor/outdoor[9] , at home/in office, driving/walking[2] .Such information provide services according to user situation. For example, if a mobile phone is in a bag or pocket, it is useless to light up the screen when a phone call is coming. In addition, if a phone is placed on a sofa rather than on a desk, it is better to turn-up ring volume to avoid missing calls. Given accurate micro-environment Information, a phone can adapt its behaviour automatically and properly. when a mobile phone detects if its user is holding it in hand for safety .[2] When a user enters a building, it is unnecessary to keep his phone’sGPS[10] working to save energy. II. NTRODUCTION TO SMART PHONE Smartphone has open operating systems, such as Windows Mobile, Symbian, and Linux and scalable hard ware-software multi-function. Mobile phones and other wireless devices are becoming increasingly popular and that world expanded tremendously. [5]With the development of information technology, Smartphone have become the mainstream in the mobile market and have gradually occupied the market steadily. For getting new features traditional phones are replaced by Smart phones. Smartphone has several advantages over the traditional mobile phones: Keep full functionality of the traditional mobile phones (e.g. phone conversation, text message and so on). With the ability of plugging into the Internet . It is a kind of cell phone which includes personal information manager, schedule control, multimedia application and internet connection.[13] A Android features Reuse and replacement of components Integrated browser Optimized graphics Media support GSM Telephony Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G, and WiFi . III.ROPOSED SYSTEM A. System Overview: 1) Input: Microenvironment also known as a micro habitat, a very small, specific area in a habitat, distinguished from its immediate surroundings by factors such as the amount of incident light, the degree of moisture, and the range of temperatures. In our system there are different micro environments such as phone placement, pattern recognition, pressure on touch screen, [5] phone interaction etc. are sensing by sensors. 2) Processing: There are 3 steps Smart phone sensors Action listener Business Logic Smart phone which contains many built in sensors these sensors are Magnetic sensor, Camera and GPS, Pressure sensor, Proximity sensor etc. [2] These sensors sense the provided input environment and sends sensing data to Action listener which triggers actions. These actions are processing in Business Logic. Applications extract data from business logic and generate output according to applications[5]. 3) Output: From the input and processing blocks various applications will be generated such as No vibration and increasing ringtone volume, [7] Theft detection, women’s security and Automatic call acceptance. B. System Architecture: Hardware layer is lower layer. It consists of all sensors which are used in Smartphone. There are different types of sensors like Accelerometer, Camera, [1][2] Proximity, Gyroscope etc.The sensor continuously broadcast the data and captures the mobile environment and gives captured data as input to upper layer i.e. middleware layer. According to the data received from the hardware layer it detects the behavior of the user and performs action accordingly.[7][15] There are two types of detection. Phone Placement:- [9] This detection detects the placement of the mobile. It detects where the mobile is placed in hand, in pocket, on desk etc. [11]Phone interaction detection:- This detection detects whether the user is interacting or not. The interaction can be receiving call,[3][6] browsing. Backing material detection:-This detection detects the backing material of the phone where it is placed. The material can be glass, wood, leather. pressersensor, gyroscope etc.  are behind these Smartphone’s. Let us understand how each sensor works with respect to its operating principle. 1) Proximity Sensor: [4]The main function of this proximity sensor is to detect how close your Smartphone’s screen is to your bod y. [9] When you use your Smartphone, it detects the position of ear with respect to screen and turn s off the light of screen and saves battery. Also proximity sensor stops the accidental touch, unwanted input during talk. [5] These sensors also detect the signal strength, interference sources and amplify or filter by use of Beam Forming Technique. Fig2: System Architecture[17] According to detection pattern output from the middleware layer is given as input to upper layer i.e. application layer. From the input the application layer performs the actions[13][14]. C. Sensors: [16] D. Introduction to Sensors: Since the beginning of race in mobile communication, a new model is being launched every day into the world with different features. These new features and specifications gain enough fame of users to survive in the competition of mobile technology. [10]Today different manufacturers like Samsung, Apple, Sony, HTC and many more manufactures of smart phones and became competitors. [13][11]One of the features that attract the mobile phone buyer is the smart work it does. Different types of sensors like accelerometer, ambient light sensor, GPS sensor, compass, proximity[11]. 2) GPS (Global Positioning System) sensor: GPS short form of Global Positioning System, originally developed and setup for military operations and was made available for everyone in 1980s by government[8]. 3) Ambient Light Sensor: This sensor optimizes the light of screen when it exposed to normal light with different intensity. [3] Ultimate function of ambient light sensor is to adjust the display brightness, which at the end saves the battery power and life too. 4) Accelerometer The main function of accelerometer rise to sense the changes in the orientation of[13][11] Smartphone with respect to datum and adjust the orientation to suits the viewing angle of operator. For example, when you are looking for web-page with increased width, you can get this landscape view from changing the orientation of phone to horizontal.[11][8] These features are then utilized to determine whether the phone is in motion. There are plenty of moving detection schemes that can successfully vibration patterns: 1) the phone’s mechanical motion and 2) the acoustical features, which can be captured by embedded accelerometer and microphone, respectively. To this end, Sherlock extracts a series of lightweight features from acceleration/acoustic traces in both time and frequency domain, and classifies backing materials like leather chair, wood desk or glass table. 5) Gyros or Gyroscope: This function is to maintain and control the sensors This position, level or orientation based on the principle of angular momentum.[6] When Gyros used along with senses motion from six axes i.e. right, left, accelerometer up,  down, forward and backward. CONCLUSION In this paper we present the design, implementation and evaluation of Sherlock simple yet practical platform for micro-environment sensing for Smartphone via collaboration among built-in sensors.[11] The platform automatically collects sensor hints and characterizes the immediate surroundings of Smartphone at centimeter level accuracy, providing fine-grained environment in formation to upper layer application. REFERENCES [1] J. Yang, S. Sdhom, G. Chandrasekaran, T. Vu, H. Liu, N. Cecan,  Y. Chen, M. Gruteser and R. Martin, Detecting Driver Phone Use  Leveraging Car Speakers. In MOBICOM’11, 2011. [2] S. Nath. ACE: Exploiting Correlation for Energy-Efficient and  Continuous Context Sensing. In MobiSys’12, 2012. [3] T. Yan, D. Chu, D. Ganesan, A. Kansal, and J. Liu. Fast app  launching for mobile devices using predictive user context. In  MobiSys’12, 2012. [4] C. Qin, X. Bao, R. Roy Choudhury, and S. Nelakuditi. Tagsense:  a smartphone-based approach to automatic image tagging. In  MobiSys’11, 2011. [5] H. Lu, W. Pan, N. D. Lane, T. Choudhury, and A. T. Campbell.  Soundsense: scalable sound sensing for people-centric applications  on mobile phones. In MobiSys’09, 2009. [6] H. Lu, J. Yang, Z. Liu, N. D. Lane, T. Choudhury, and A. T.  Campbell. The jigsaw continuous sensing engine for mobile phone  applications. In SenSys’10, 2010. [7] M. Azizyan, I. Constandache, and R. Choudhury. SurroundSense:  Mobile phone localization via ambience fingerprinting. In MOBICOM’  09, 2009. [8] A. Rai, K. Chintalapudi, V. Padmanabhan, and R. Sen. Zee: Zero-Effort Crowdsourcing for Indoor Localization. In MOBICOM’12,  2012. [9] P. Zhou, Y. Zheng, Z. Li, M. Li, and G. Shen. IODetector: A Generic  Service for Indoor Outdoor Detection. In SenSys’12, 2012. [10] X. Zhu, Q. Li, G. Chen. APT: Accurate Outdoor Pedestrian  Tracking with Smartphones. In INFOCOM’13, 2013. [11] P. Mohan, V. Padmanabhan, and R. Ramjee. Rich Monitoring of  Roads and Traffic Using Mobile Smartphones. In SenSys’08, 2008. [12] A. Thiagarajan, L. Ravindranath, K. LaCurts, S. Madden, H.  Balakrishnan, S. Toledo, and J. Eriksson. Vtrack: accurate, energyaware  road traffic delay estimation using mobile phones. In Sen-Sys’09, 2009. [13] C. Tacconi, S. Mellone, L. Chiari. Smartphone-based applications  for investigating falls and mobility. In PervasiveHealth’11, 2011. [14] J. Dai, X. Bai, Z. Yang, Z. Shen, D. Xuan. PerFallD: A Pervasive  Fall Detection System Using Mobile Phones. In PervasiveHealth’10,  2010. [15] S. Salvador, P. Chan, Toward accurate dynamic time warping in  linear time and space, In Journal Intelligent Data Analysis, 2007. [16] web references,www.digikey.com/ [17] Sherlock: Micro-environment Sensing for  Smartphones Zheng Yang, Member, IEEE

Comparing Anxiety and Drug Use in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and The Sign

Anxiety and Drug Use in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and The Sign of the Four The life experiences and writings of the Victorians are peppered with anxiety.   External influences such as sweeping change or fear of change can produce unease, as seen in the their anxious attitude toward Darwinism and colonialization, which greatly influenced the political, spiritual, and psychological landscape of nineteenth century England.   However, for Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes and Robert Louis Stevenson's Dr. Jekyll, anxiety springs from an internal source: the human mind and its many urges.   For Jekyll, the anxiety is fueled by a desire to set free his evil urges; for Holmes, the catalyst is his proclaimed "boredom" with everyday life.   Jekyll and Holmes struggle with their separate anxieties and reach similar solutions.   Both the doctor and the detective choose a drug to alleviate their anxiety.   The unsuccessful outcomes that these chosen drugs produce speaks to the Victorian notion that anxiety could not be conquered.   The people who li ved and died under Queen Victoria not only dealt with anxiety in their own lives, but also fortified their literature with it.   Doyle's The Sign of Four and Stevenson's The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde explore two distinct anxieties and the consequences of using drugs to alleviate them. For both Holmes and Jekyll, an internal anxiety plagues their actions and thoughts.   An aversion to "boredom" troubles Holmes, while Jekyll struggles to come to terms with "man's dual nature" (Stevenson, 42).   Holmes defends his drug use by declaring: My mind... rebels at stagnation. Give me problems, give me work, give me the most abstruse cryptogram, or the most intricate analysis, and I am... ...fer from constitute an inability to deal with internal factors, while the Victorians suffered from an inability to deal with external factors.   For Victorians, anxiety over entertaining the impossible stemmed from Darwinism and colonialization, which was the catalyst for the dreaded fear of the "other."   If Holmes and Jekyll turned to drugs in the face of anxiety, what did the Victorians turn to?   Perhaps the rampant use of laudanum and opium was an attempt at easing the anxieties of a nervous culture.   One could turn to science, religion, or technology for comfort, but most likely these areas would simply cause more anxiety.   No matter what the answer is, it is clear that the anxiety of the Victorians carried over into their literature.   Without this cultural trait the world may never have been introduced to the insane Dr. Jekyll or the brooding Sherlock Holmes.

Research in Practice

Introduction Population growth and issues such as globalisation are the main drivers behind an increase in demand in the food sector. According to the USDA (2012), â€Å"Processed soybeans are the world’s largest source of animal protein feed and the second largest source of vegetable oil†. This can be used as an indicator that there is a constant demand for soybean in the food industry. Whilst it is a fact that the US are leaders in soy production, according to a study by the IDEI (2012), soybean is mainly imported into the EU as there is high demand and a large variety of products that are made with or from soybean. In fact, demand exceeds its production (0.9 million tons/year) and imports reach around 30-35 million tons per year. France, for example, produces approximately 140,000 tons per year and imports around 4 million tons of soybean meals for animal consumption, including 0.5 million tons of seeds. This type of issue has external and internal factors that could influence the PESTEL factor of governments within the EU. This is especially pertinent in Poland where economic dependency is on imports or on a small number of key suppliers. Nevertheless, different issues can be analysed in order to identify these types of problems, but one of the main factors is the controversy of GM and non-GM soybeans. The EU legislations refer to the non-authorization of the GM soybean and other GM crops in the EU, and authorization of high levels of import of GM soybean. This eventually means that 50% of soybean meals imported include GM. Nevertheless, issues such as the supply chain and the end consumers tend to be interested in healthier foods, and where the place of the soy protein ingredients could take place. Therefore, the study of the supply chain and adaptation of appropriate strategies may affect the increase in efficiency and profitability. Literature Review Focusing on the concept of supply chain, there are several studies aimed at understanding where a common view on the supply chain is found. For example, according to Simchi-Levi et. al (2007), it is clearly seen that the supply chain involves developing an efficiency for all of the inputs, while going through a process of transformation and coming up with the outputs using the best possible strategy. This has led to the development of new tactics and strategies in terms of operational and planning processes of the supply chain (Simchi-Levi et al., 2004) Nonetheless, Kreipl and Pinedo (2004) have discussed that in order to achieve a successful operation, there should be a decent planning of supply chain and goal setting. With an account of the whole structure of the organisation including micro and macro technological and financial factors (Lambert & Cooper, 2000; Bowersox et al., 2002), the supply chain is being studied in many different variations such as strategic and tactics. However, in simple business conceptuality, it is mainly about receiving minimum costs and predicting movement of the business. In order to be more specific, according to various researchers, there are five main factors that are involved with supply chain management such as the use of outsource teams (Bal et al, 1999) and according to Christopher (2000), the incorporation of processes which spread the risks but also the income. This can lead to better ICT skills (Morash, 2001) and also helps with a long-term relationship with the suppliers (Schonsleben, 2000). On the other hand, there are cases where wrong planning and expectation lead to relationship issues between partners and therefore, the production process. In order to ensure these issues are avoided, a coordination of the managers in different departments should be presented (GEMI, 2004). According to Anderson and Tushman (1990) and Christensen (2003), it might be overlapped by being more innovatively structured within the existing market, or as Griffin and Page (1996) argue, being new in the market in terms of the first mover. On the other hand, Sebastiao and Golicic (2008) combine the two views and argue that the success of a company is based on the development of the supply chain such as the dynamics of the market. Frazelle (2002) states that the entire organisation across the supply chain should co-ordinate in order to maximise shareholder and customer cost through methods such as analysis of the measurement from operations, vertical integration which collaborates the logistics and logistics services. The changes in international business have led to changes in the supply chain and pose many questions towards these changes and the strategies that should be taken by companies (Christopher, 2005), Hopkin (2010) adds to this perception and argues that supply chain management becomes even more important due to global business. Nontheless, according to Bozart and Handfield (2006), the company’s survival depends on the way that the supply chain managers operate it. The leading point of supply chain managers is the ability to create a competitive advantage (Klassen and Johnson, 2004). Lavoie (2005) provides an example of the agricultural product, wheat, in which the importance of the supply chain and the logistical performance are more dynamic in than simply the competition even though the process differs due to difference in handing and supply chain process. The price differs by grade of protein and other characteristics. According to the USDA, forecasts for vegetable protein demand in 2011 have grown compared to previous years which means that the availability of meal from South America might be lowered and this might be seen as opportunity for the USA to expand its share of the Polish soybean meal. (Agata Kingsbury, 2011) Thesis statement The main aim of this research is to allocate the supply chain of the soybean in Poland, the main producers, especially the main consumers and customers, and to allocate gaps in the market which could be seen as emerging business opportunities. There should be an understanding of the latest data and the major stakeholders of this particular market and industry. This could eventually identify gaps in the market, and might be a useful tool for market research in emerging members of the EU such as Poland, eventually creating potential strategies for establishment of a business in this specific industry. The following research could be conducted with secondary and primary research which is available through major agricultural institutions and different major players of the market, such as traders but mainly comes from the users of the Soybean in Poland. There will be a comparison with Non-EU markets as they are part of the stakeholders and exporters. With the allocation of the existing organisations in Poland, there might be an outcome for potential markets. There will therefore be primary research such as interviews with professionals included. Methodology Philosophy of StudyThe two following philosophies of Positivism and Interpretivism are going to be examined during the research of the emerging opportunities in the Polish market with soybeans. The first theory will be looking at other theories and attempting to generalise them through looking at their outcomes both in and observable social reality which eventually can lead to gathering of relevant data such as by looking at the market performance in Poland and trying to relate it to the concept of growth in the market and possible market gaps in EU food industry (Remenyi et al., 1998). On the other hand, there will be the use of an interpretivistic approach throughout the analysis of the interviews with the different Soybean producers and traders in Poland and other countries in the EU so as to non-EU members such as Ukraine, and finally, when evaluating the research findings based on the interviews for the industry professionals.Approach This research will mainly analyse business opportunities in the Polish Soybean market in the food production sector and is going to be conducted using the inductive approach. According to Bryman and Bell (2007), this particular method is the relationship between theory and the research that is being undertaken and finally, trying to evaluate and create a theory or concept out of the research. As in this particular research, there will be an analysis and study of the soybean in Poland and attempts to evaluate the issues that might relate to theory and concept which are the possibilities to market opportunities in Poland as an EU member, possibly become a European leader in producing soybean food products and potentially create possible strategies to develop the Soybean food industry in Poland by learning its implications and potential growth. Purpose of Research Explanatory research tends to be conducted by the researcher as the initial research requires the use of a decent amount of surveys to indicate the main topics for subsequent research. Consequently, I will conduct research of emerging possibilities in the Soybean industry in Poland and the EU and its possible growth and development, possibly finding challenges in the market of the food industry in Poland by looking at data analysis, eventually being able to develop a strategized correlation. Therefore, the qualitative data that will be researched may allow this understanding and will adopt a clear vision of possibilities at relatively new markets. This particular method could be seen the most appropriate out of the three methods for this type of study (Lee, Collier & Cullen, 2007) Research Design As the main research focuses on the Soybean market in Poland and its effect on the food industry in Poland and the EU, I will be studying these particular industries and their potential growth and strategic analysis and finally, recommendations. Therefore, the study will involve a case study of large multinational companies that are mainly controlling the industry in term of their size and pricing. These companies include Cargill, Topfer, Bunge, Desmet Ballesetra, EuroFin and other possible American and EU organisations that can be found throughout the duration of the research. According to Saunders et al., there is a need for using various companies for research in order to gain a better understanding and establish the relevant data necessary for the research. The Mmin purpose in the collection date from these companies is due to the fact that they are deeply involved in the market and have strong forces of influence on it. An important factor is to interview these companies and their regional director in order to begin to create an image of the Polish soybean market and its supply chain, and finding the reasons of why and what could be done better. Another important issue is why Polish is being studied and this is due to the fact that it is relatively new market and a new member of the EU with large potential in terms of development and its geographical and logistical preferences. Sample Size In this particular research, the sample will consist mainly of the Polish Soybean market and companies motioned above that are operated in Poland. As these soybean companies in Poland are European members, there will be an analysis of the EU soybean market and the main aspects of the supply chain of this particular business. I expect the sample size to grow over the period of this research. Secondary Research As mentioned earlier, there will be a study of the supply chain of the business. Therefore, there is a need to provide secondary data drawing on books on supply chain, statistics of worldwide agricultural figures and changes, and journal articles of the companies’ performance. In order to indicate the performance of the market and any potential gaps in Polish soybean market which eventually could lead to credible data for business strategy, there will be other sources that are provided by the case study such as reports and presentations of new strategies and their supply chain. Primary Research Furthermore, there is a need to research primary data, based on direct interactions with the studied area and the main companies involved in the industry. There is also a need to study the agricultural polish department in terms of regulation and understanding the actual business in terms of legality, and to eventually conduct an analysis based on primary findings from processing companies in the food industry in Poland in the case of the Non-GMO soybeans. In this particular research, the most suitable method for primary research is a direct interview technique which consist of mostly semi-structured interviews. There will be five interviews in total that will be taken during the summer of 2013. One interview will take place with the CEO of the multinational company Bunge and another interview will be conducted with the CEO of other similar company; MNC Toepfer. In both interviews, the main focus of the conversation will be the relationship of companies in Poland on their activates of business in Poland, from their trading perspective and so as manufacturing and relationship with local producers. Such as their supply chain, or challenges that they face in this field in Poland, so as their main reasons for entering these specific markets. Another interview will take place with a non EU member but also a major importer to Europe of Non-GMO soybean. This is the Ukrainian company ATK. The main aspect of this interview is to research the soybean market in terms of its production in the EU and the main concerns of food producers. Geographically, Ukraine has a potential for business in Poland with the Soybean, especially as Ukraine is one of the largest agricultural exporters in the world Two more interviews will be conducted with the Polish Soybean Extracting company Zlato Zerno and one with the Agricultural Ministry office in Poland. These interviews will be conducted to understand the actual concept of Non-GMO and the role of soy in the food sector in Poland and the EU. In terms of reliability and validity of the data, there may be couple of challenges such as whether the companies would like to provide the needed information, and if so, whether it would be based on academic material and world financial organisations such as the USDA. Ethical Issues The main ethical issues that might arise involve the primary research. When companies are studied, particularly private enterprises where there is a lack of transparency, there might be protection of particular data. Another factor is that most of the interviews are going to be conducted in foreign languages such as Ukrainian, Polish, and Russian and therefore, there will be a need for translation in order to avoid misunderstanding of the cultural differences in terms of language. Resources When referring back to the primary research, there are a variety of places that the interviews are going to take place in such as Warsaw, Kiev, Krakow, and potentially in Belgium. Interviews will take place over a two-month period of summer and shall end in London for evaluations.and further interviews on Skype or via e-mails. Conclusion Considering the growth of globalisation, the increase of border-free trade between different countries, the dramatic increase in migration and population growth and the rise in concern for healthier products and a more sustainable environment, there is a need for food processing with constant growth in this particular area. This particular research is aimed at covering the knowledge in this industry and sphere, so as to conduct strategic analysis and eventually to make outcomes on the development of the food industry in Poland, within the context of Non-GMO soybean, and its potential growth, by looking at Poland and so as Europe and non European member which are geographically European. Bibliography Anderson, P., and Tushman, M.L. 1990. ‘‘Technological Discontinuities and Dominant Designs: A Cyclical Model of Technological Change.’’ Administrative Science Quar- terly 25:604–33. Babcock, B.A Beghin, J. (1999). Potential Market for Non-GMO Corn and Soybeans. Available: http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/18294/1/bp990027.pdf. Last accessed 15th Apr 2013. Bal, J., Wilding, R. & Gundry, J. (1999).†Virtual Teaming in the agile Supply Chain,† International Journal of Logistics Management, 10(2). 71-82 Banaszkiewicz, T . (2011). Nutritional Value of Soybean Meal .Available: http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/19972/InTech-Nutritional_value_of_soybean_meal.pdf. Last accessed 14th Apr 2013. Bozarth, C. and Handfield, R.B., 2006. Introduction to operations and supply chain management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Education Inc., Polish edition: Helion S.A., Gliwice, 2007, 27- 38. Brookes, G . (2008). Economic impacts of low level presence of not yet approved GMOs on the EU food sector. Available: http://www.ferm-eu.org/downloads/LLP%20finalreportGBrookes.pdf. Last accessed 16th Apr 2013. Bryman, A and Bell, E (2011). Business Research Methods. 3rd ed. NYC: Oxford University Press Inc. p. 62-63, 712-720. Chicago Board of Trade. (2004). Futures Markets provide the mechanism to ensure fairly consistent prices for grains, soybeans, and processed foods.Available: http://agmarketing.extension.psu.edu/Commodity/PDFs/grainsoybean_future.pdf. Last accessed 11th Apr 2013. Chen I.J., Paulraj A., 2004. Towards a theory of supply chain management: the constructs and measurements. Journal of Operations Management, 22, 119-150. Christensen, C.M. 2003. The Innovator’s Dilemma. New York: Harper Collins Publishers. Christopher, M. (2000).†The Agile Supply Chain,† Industrial Marketing Management, 29(1). 37-44. Christopher M., 2004. Supply Chains: A Marketing perspective. In: S. New and R. Westbrook (Eds). Understanding Supply Chains, 23-42. New York: Oxford University Press Inc., 23-41. Christopher M., 2005. Managing the supply chain of the future: setting the research agenda. Logistics Research Network Conference, Plymouth, 7-9.09.2005. Cooper, M. C. & Ellram, L. M. (1993).†Characteristics of Supply Chain Management and the Implication for Purchasing and logistics Strategy,† The International Journal of Logistics Management, 4(2). 13-24. Dr Lusas, E. (1996). MODERN TEXTURISED SOY PROTEINS : PREPARATION AND USES. Available: http://www.asaim- europe.org/Backup/pdf/texturised.pdf. Last accessed 14th Apr 2013. Frazelle, E (2002). Supply Chain Strategy: The Logistics of Supply Chain Management. London: McGraw Hill. p313. Giraud-Heraud, E. (2012). International Market For Soybeansc Oexistence Of GM And Non-GM Products. Institut d’Economie Industrielle. Available: http://www.idei.fr/fdir/wp-content/uploads/2012/newsletter7.pdf . Last accessed 12th Apr 2013. Global Environmental Management Initiative (GEMI). 2004. Forging New Links. Enhancing Supply Chain Value Through Envi- ronmental Excellence. Washington. Griffin, A., and Page, A.L. 1996. ‘‘PDMA Success Measure- ment Project: Recommended Measures for Product Devel- opment Success and Failure.’’ Journal of Product Innovation Management 13:478–96. Hopkin P., 2010. Fundamentals of risk management. Understanding, evaluating and implementing effective risk management. London: Kogan Page, 214-215. Ivanov, D., Sokolov, B., and Kaeschel, J., 2009a. A multi-structural framework for adaptive supply chain planning and operations with structure dynamics considerations. European Journal of Operational Research Jideani, V. A. . (2011). Functional Properties of Soybean Food Ingredients in Food Systems . Available: http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/15717/InTech- Functional_properties_of_soybean_food_ingredients_in_food_systems.pdf. Last accessed 12th Apr 2013. Johnson, P. and Clark,M (2006). Mapping the terrain: an overview of business and management research methodologies, London. Sage Kahn, R. Cannell, C (1975). The Dynamics of Interviewing. New York and Chichester: Wiley. Kingsbury, A. (2011). Opportunities Emerge in Poland’s Feed Component Market. Available:http://agriexchange.apeda.gov.in/MarketReport/Reports/Poland_Feed_report.pdf. Last accessed 18th Apr 2013. Kingsbury, A. (2011). Rising Grain Prices Provide Unexpected Surprise for the New Year. Available: http://gain.fas.usda.gov/Recent%20GAIN%20Publications/The%20New%20Expensive%20Year%20_Warsaw_Poland_1-4-2011.pdf. Last accessed 20th Apr 2013. Klassen R.D. Johnson P. F., 2004. The Green Supply Chain. In: New, S. and Westbrook R. (Eds). Understanding Supply Chains. Concepts, Critiques and Futures. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 229-246 Kreipl, S. and Pinedo, M., 2004. Planning and scheduling in supply chains: an overview of issues in practice. Production and Operations Management, 13 (1), 77–92 Lambert, D.M. and Cooper, M.C., 2000. Issues in supply chain management. International Marketing Management, 29 (1), 65–83 Lavoie, N. 2005 â€Å"Price Discrimination in the Context of Vertical Differentiation: An Application to Canadian Wheat Exports.† American Journal of Agricultural Economics 87 Lee, B, Colier, P.M, and Cullen, J. (2007). Reflection on the Use of Case Studies in the accounting, management and organisational disiplines, Qualitative research n organisation and management: An international Journal, 2(3): 167-78 Morash, E. A. (2001).†Supply Chain Strategies, Capabilities and Performance,† Transportation Journal, 41(1). 37-54. Riaz, M. (2006).Soybeans Processing into Ingredients.Available: http://www.wishh.org/workshops/intl/southafrica/sept06/riaz1-sept06.pdf. Last accessed 15th Apr 2013. Prusinski, J. (2008). Is the needs in Poland the second PR 4. Biuletyn Polish Association of Feed Producers , Vol. 61, No.4/5,108-113, ISSN 0081-4539 Remenyi, D. Williams, B. Money, A. Swartz, E (1998). Diong research in bueiness and management: An Introduction to process and method. London. Sage Robson, C (2002). Real World Research. 2nd ed. Oxford. Blackwell. Saunders, M. Lewin, P. Thornhill, A. (2009). Analysing qualitative data. Research methods for business students. 5th ed. England : Person Education Limited. P.106-126, 136-146, 168-173,256-259, 480-498, 318-351. Schonsleben, P. (2000).†with Agility and Adequate Partnerships Strategies towards Effective Logistics Networks,† Computers in Industry, 42(1). 33-42. Scott C and Westbrook R (1991), â€Å"New Strategic Tools for Supply Chain Management†, International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 23-33. Sebastiao, H.J., and Golicic, S.L. 2008. ‘‘Supply Chain Strat- egy for Nascent Firms in Emerging Technology Mar- kets.’’ Journal of Business Logistics 21(1):75–91. Simchi-Levi, D., Wu, S.D. and Zuo-Yun, S., eds, 2004. Handbook of quantitative supply chain analysis. New York: Springer. Simchi-Levi, D. Kaminsky, P. Simchi-Levi, E (2007). Designing and Managing the supply chain. 3rd ed. London: McGraw Hill United States Department of Agriculture. (2012). Overview. Available: http://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/crops/soybeans-oil-crops.aspx. Last accessed 12th Feb 2013. US Soybean Export Council (2010). Soy protein. Available at http://www.ussec.org/resources/soyprotein.html Last accessed 17th Apr 2013. Young, V. R. and Scrimshaw, N. S. (1979). Soybean protein in human nutrition: An overview. J. American Oil Chemists Soc., 56: 110-120.

Mary Cassatt Quotes

Mary Cassatt Quotes The first American Impressionist artist, Mary Cassatt was born in Pittsburgh.   Her family lived for a few years in Europe. Cassatt studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, then, as the Civil War ended, moved to France, where she remained for the rest of her life except for occasional trips to visit the United States.   She remained a U.S. citizen, though, and took a special interest in the woman suffrage movement in her home country. Mary Cassatt was influenced especially by Degas. She was the only American invited to the Impressionist circle who accepted the invitation.   She became especially known for her mother-and-child paintings.  Under Mary Cassatts influence, many Americans collected Impressionist art. In 1892, she was invited to contribute a large mural on the theme of modern woman to the Worlds Columbian Exposition in Chicago, to be held in 1893.   Another artist contributed the paired mural on primitive woman. Her popularity continued, even as she turned from newer Parisian painting movements.   Cataracts interfered with her ability to do her painting, despite multiple operations, and she was nearly blind the last decade of her life.   She continued her involvement, despite her vision problems, with the woman suffrage cause and, during World War I, with humanitarian causes to help those affected by the war including wounded soldiers. Selected Mary Cassatt Quotations Theres only one thing in life for a woman; its to be a mother.... A woman artist must be ... capable of making primary sacrifices. I think that if you shake the tree, you ought to be around when the fruit falls to pick it up. Why do people so love to wander? I think the civilized parts of the World will suffice for me in the future. I am independent! I can live alone and I love to work. I hated conventional art. I began to live. I have touched with a sense of art some people – they felt the love and the life. Can you offer me anything to compare to that joy for an artist? Americans have a way of thinking work is nothing. Come out and play they say. American women have been spoiled, treated and indulged like children; they must wake up to their duties. There are two ways for a painter: the broad and easy one or the narrow and hard one. If painting is no longer needed, it seems a pity that some of us are born into the world with such a passion for line and color. Cezanne is one of the most liberal artists I have ever seen. He prefaces every remark with Pour moi it is so and so, but he grants that everyone may be as honest and as true to nature from their convictions; he doesnt believe that everyone should see alike. I have not done what I wanted to, but I tried to make a good fight. Degas to Mary Cassatt: Most women paint as though they are trimming hats. Not you. Edourd Degas about Mary Cassatt: I dont admit that a woman draws that well! [Quoted in The American Womans Almanac, Louise Bernikow] Mary Cassatts visit home, long after she had become famous in Europe, was reported in the Philadelphia newspaper as the arrival of Mary Cassatt, sister of Mr. Cassatt, President of the Pennsylvania Railroad, who has been studying painting in France and owns the smallest Pekingese dog in the world. Related Resources for Mary Cassatt Mary Cassatt IndexWomen and Painting More Womens Quotes: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Explore Womens Voices and Womens History Womens Voices - About Womens QuotesBiographiesToday in Womens History

Strategies to Help You Become an Outstanding Student

Strategies to Help You Become an Outstanding Student More than anything, teachers want to see growth and improvement from all of their students. They want each to become a better student. They understand that their classroom is filled with extreme ranges of intelligence, from low to high. Their job is to differentiate instruction to provide each student with an education that meets their own individual needs. This is both difficult and challenging, but effective teachers are able to make it happen. Becoming an outstanding student does not happen overnight. It is also not the sole responsibility of the teacher. The teacher is only the facilitator of knowledge. The student must come prepared to take in that knowledge, make connections, and be able to apply it to real life situations. This is more natural for some students than it is for others, but everyone can improve and become a better student if they desire to do so. Here are fifteen effective strategies that will help you become an outstanding student. Ask Questions This could not get any simpler. If you do not understand something, ask the teacher for additional help. Teachers are there to help. You should never be afraid of asking a question. It is not embarrassing. It is how we learn. The chances are that there are several other students who have the same question you have. Be Positive Teachers love to work with students who are pleasant and positive. Having a positive attitude will have a positive impact on learning. We all have terrible days. We all have subjects that we just do not like. However, you still need to maintain a positive attitude. A poor attitude can quickly lead to failure. Complete Assignments/Homework Every assignment should be completed and turned in to the teacher. When assignments are not completed, there are two negative outcomes. First, you potentially miss out on learning a new concept, which leaves a gap in learning. Second, your grade will be lower than it should be. Homework may not be fun to do, but it is an essential part of the school and the learning process. Do More than Required The best students go above and beyond. They do more than the minimum. If the teacher assigns twenty problems, they do twenty-five. They seek out learning opportunities. They ask their teachers for additional work, read books/magazines, research ideas online, and are excited about learning. Establish a Routine A structured routine can help you maintain academic focus at home. This routine should include when homework is completed, what extras you are going to do each day, a location for doing it, and an awareness of others in the house so that distractions are minimized. A routine for getting up and going to school each morning can also be beneficial. Follow Directions Following directions and instructions is an essential aspect of being a good student. Not following directions can lead to mistakes that have a negative impact on your grade. Always listen thoroughly to the teacher when she is giving directions or offering instruction. Read written directions at least two times and ask for clarification if you do not understand something. Get a Tutor There is probably an area or multiple areas in which you struggle. Getting a tutor can provide you with a huge advantage. Tutoring is often done on a one-on-one basis which is always beneficial. If you do not know of a tutor, talk to your teacher. Often times, they will volunteer to tutor you or may be able to refer you to someone else who can. Listen in Class This is the single most crucial aspect of being a better student. Teachers actually do know what they are talking about. However, if you are not listening, you cannot learn. If you are easily distracted or struggle with listening, ask your teacher if you can bring a recorder to class. Maintain Focus There are potential distractions around you all the time. Good students stay focused. They do not allow other situations or people to keep them from learning. They put academics first. They have a life outside of school, but they value academics and make it a priority. Read! Read! Read! Good students are often booked worms. Reading is the foundation of learning. Excellent readers excel in both fluency and comprehension. They pick books that are both entertaining and challenging. They use programs such as Accelerated Reader to set goals and check for understanding. Set Goals Everyone should have a set of academic-related goals. This should include both short-term and long term goals. Goals assist in maintaining focus by giving you something to strive to achieve. Goals should be reevaluated and adjusted periodically. When you reach a goal, make a big deal about it. Celebrate your successes. Stay Away from Trouble Avoiding trouble can go far in being academically successful. Getting in trouble often means time spent in the principal’s office. Any time spent in the principal’s office is time lost in the classroom. Making smart choices, including whom you choose to be friends with, is essential to becoming a better student. Stay Organized Organization is a key factor in academic success. The lack of organization skills can lead to disaster. Keep your locker and backpack cleaned and well organized. Keeping an agenda or journal and recording each assignment is a fantastic way to stay on top of things. Study! Study! Study! Study early and study often! Studying is not something that many people enjoy, but it is a necessary skill to possess for academic success. Developing strong study habits is essential. Figure out a method that works well for you and stick with it in individual study time. Take Challenging Classes/Teachers It is okay to be challenged. Pick hard classes and/or teachers if you have a choice. You will be better off in the long run even if your grades are a little lower. It is better to receive a B and learn a lot than to receive an A and learn a little.

Overview 25 Years in the Technology Industry Essay

Overview 25 Years in the Technology Industry - Essay Example While technological change is an ongoing process, there are periods during which technological progress is especially rapid, resulting in new products and falling prices of existing products that have widespread uses in the rest of the economy. Such periods are generally identified with all-purpose technological revolutions. Earlier examples include textiles production and steam power in the industrial revolution, railroads in the nineteenth century, and electricity in the early twentieth century (the automobile could also be included, but its development was relatively gradual). The effects of such revolutions have generally occurred in three (often overlapping) main stages. First, technological change raises productivity growth in the innovating sector; second, falling prices encourage capital deepening; and, finally, there can be significant reorganization of production around the capital goods that embody the new technology. The growth of the information technology sector (IT) in the 1980s was an important development for the economy, but it spurred relatively little policy or media interest. True, IT was recognized as a driver of comparative advantage for the US and there were a few initiatives involving industrial policy and military preparedness, IT was of interest primarily to specialists. In the 1990's, however, things changed dramatically when the Internet became a topic of intense public discussion. Suddenly computers were not only a way to manipulate information, but also a way to communicate information. This led to a dramatic rise in the public and political awareness of the importance of information policy issues such as intellectual property, privacy, and security. A unique confluence of forces certainly came together in the 1990s: rapid technological advances in the information technology sector; widespread recognition that computers could be used to communicate information as well as process it; the rapid spread of a simple, inexpensive, and powerful wide-area computer network based on non-proprietary standards; and financial institutions ready to fund investment in advanced technology. These forces led to very rapid growth of the Internet. As firms and consumers flocked to the Internet in large numbers, it became evident that information policy issues, including importantly intellectual property, security, and privacy, required serious attention. Employment Statistics From 1993 to 2000 the number of workers in IT industries in the U.S. increased by close to 50 percent, almost two and a half times as fast as employment in non-IT producing industries. By 2000 there were some 5.4 million IT workers in the U.S., representing 4.9 percent of private sector employment. Number of Technology Firms Created The major companies that commenced operations during the boom period are listed below: Venture Capital The United States has the oldest and most developed venture capital industry in the OECD. Several successful high-technology companies in computers and communications, as well as in health-related sectors and services, were venture backed. Young high-growth firms also benefit from a continuum of complementary finance from business angels,

To Improve The SMART Technologies Inc. Turn Over Growth In The Long Research Paper

To Improve The SMART Technologies Inc. Turn Over Growth In The Long Run - Research Paper Example I believe that the preceding information when followed will be very important in ensuring the success of the company and help it remain at the top of the game. I therefore submit this non- legally binding document with the full knowledge that its implementation is at management’s discretion. I restate that any of the recommendations will help improve the company’s performance. Respectfully Submitted By TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract 4 Introduction 5 Background and the purpose      6 Methodology 7 Findings – discussion 8 Conclusion   14 Recommendation 14 Works Cited    15 Appendix 16 Abstract       It is axiomatic to argue that the quest for increased revenue to firms has no end. To imperatively discuss the above, it is crucial and prime to digest, conceptualize and internalize the dichotomy in the unembellished key word ‘Turn over’, which is the amount of money generated from the company’s total sales. This non-monolithic term is commo n in myriad of professional and academic studies when it comes to understanding the company’s performance. ... New companies emerge with interesting and appealing products and any company that cannot do this will lag and in worst scenarios face a shut down. SMART Technology Inc. is not exceptional. Through this research, some of the questions which come up when discussing ways of helping SMART technologies Inc. increase its turnover are tackled and they include; why turnover growth is vital to the company, how the turnover can be increased in the company and finally some of the challenges that can sojourn it from achieving the same. These areas of scrutiny lead to a number of findings which are discussed in the discussion area in relation to literature. The paper also presents a number of recommendations in relation to the findings of the research. Introduction Smart technology which has been in operation for twenty five years was founded in 1986 by David Martin and Nancy Knowlton in New York. The company was distributing projectors from Canada to America and this was the major products which generated revenue. The generated revenue was directed towards research and building of a white board with the computer. The company that boosts as being defined by innovation always desire to improve the learning environments globally. The company’s customers include teacher’s students and businessmen who have always admitted that SMART Technologies Inc. have really helped new ways of learning and collaborating. The company created the first world interactive whiteboard in 1991 which is being used by over 40 Million students in over 175 countries across the globe and remains the world’s leading producer and supplier of the same (SMART Technologies Inc 1).They admit that they are the core values of excellence and innovation

Why And How Was Neo-Liberalism Able To Establish Itself As The Essay

Why And How Was Neo-Liberalism Able To Establish Itself As The Dominant Paradigm In The 1980s - Essay Example (Tyvela, 2004, p.156) Even Communist China was at the forefront of the global neo-liberal program, making it only a matter of time before other countries joined the system. And this is precisely what had happened in the 1980s and continues to this day. With the collapse of the Soviet Union in the late 1980s and the shift in policy framework of several developing countries, the nature and complexion of geo-economics had taken a different form. Major financial institutions such as International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank and the Inter- American Development Bank were the chief promoters of the neoliberal project. The neoliberal system also possessed some inherently democratic values such as the emphasis on free-trade and offered equal economic opportunity for those who are enterprising. This made it easy for many fledgling and aspiring democratic countries in the developing world to adopt the system. Moreover, the prospect of creating prosperity and the potential for lifting st andards of living convinced politicians to take this approach. Nothing exemplifies the merits of neoliberalism than the recent developments in India and China. Since they started to participate in financial globalization, countries with abundance of cheap labour such as India and China are destined to assume leadership position in coming years. (Foulkes, 2006, p.22)

Teenage Pregnancy Essay Example for Free

Teenage Pregnancy Essay Throughout life teenagers go through very tough decisions that could mold their future for the rest of their lives. At such a young age, adolescents believe that they’re old enough to make their own decisions on crucial matters. One of those choices is deciding that it’s time to have a child. Teenage pregnancy is a very difficult transition that no adolescent should put upon themselves at such a young age. Once you go through with it there’s no going back; your childhood is over, it’s time to become an adult. There are too many negative outcomes for teenage mothers that pregnancy as an adolescent should be illegal. The fear of poverty sets in along with the social challenges that accompany becoming a teen mom. Safe sex and being aware of possibly going through with an abortion should always be the option. Most, if not all teenagers aren’t aware of the struggles that come with becoming a parent at that age. Providing for one’s self growing up is tough enough, but to take on the role of mending for another life that young is just mind boggling. The first people that come to thought that influence a decision like this have to be those adolescents’ parents. Older parents have to make a better effort in talking to their children about sex and the consequences that are associated with it. According to the New York Times article â€Å"Income Inequalities and Teenage Pregnancy†, Teenagers are most likely to seek sexual information from their friends (61 percent). Although they are least likely to seek information from their parents (32 percent), a significant number of teenagers (43 percent) express a strong desire to have more information on how to talk to their parents about sex and relationships. Adults of course aren’t the only ones to blame. The world we live in today is full of different types of media that can mislead a teen into making wrong decisions. For example, the television show â€Å"Teen Mom† on MTV is a very good portrayal of the life of an average teen mom. The show depicts the various difficulties associated with having a child as an adolescent. The message it tries to get across can be taken one way by some and could be taken the complete opposite by others. Some teens may think that the struggles that come with the individuals on the show could never happen to them. This is where they’re seriously wrong. Raising a child isn’t just about caring for him and tending to all of its needs; finances play a huge role in making sure you and your child don’t live through poverty. You can bet that if you’re pregnant before you leave high school, getting a degree and education will be drastically affected. In fact, â€Å"The Unplanned Pregnancy for Teens and College Students† states that parenthood is the leading reason that teen girls drop out of school. More than half of teen mothers never graduate from high school. Not only that but less than 2 percent of teen moms earn a college degree by age 30. Now keeping this in mind, it’s very difficult to find a decent paying job without a degree these days. To top that off, 8 out of 10 teen dads don’t marry the mother of the child. So now we’re talking possibly becoming the sole provider for your child. Would you want you and your kid to growing up into poverty and living at ends meet? This isn’t always the case but it looks like the ideal situation to abide by would be staying in school, getting a degree and not putting yourself into a situation that you could regret for the rest of your life. There are many different ways you can avoid putting yourself at risk to become so sexually active that the chance of becoming pregnant doesn’t happen. Re-evaluate the people that you surround yourself with. The article from the New York Times concludes that â€Å"Adolescents (ages 13 to 18) report that they are most likely to get information about sexual health issues from their peers. † Peer pressure is something every teenager will go through at one course in their lives. It’s their responsibility to recognize when it’s good and bad pressure. Why associate yourself with friends that are all about sex, drugs, and money? Knowing which group of peers to avoid hanging out with will increase your decision making and make you a better decision taker. Another way you can stray away from being a parent so young is practicing different methods of contraception. Sexual intercourse will eventually happen for every teen. Putting yourself at risk for not wrapping it up or being on birth control is idiotic. As you can see, your teenage years are supposed to be the time of your life. There shouldn’t be any stress or any major concerns with how your future is falling into place. Becoming a teenage parent is a foolish decision and isn’t worth throwing the good times away. Raising a child is a huge responsibility and in my opinion, is more of an immature move than a mature one if you’re that young. Raising a family is supposed to be a rewarding experience, not one that you should have any regrets on.